What is Parkinson's Disease and Parkinsonism?
Parkinsonism refers to a variety of conditions that cause symptoms related to movement. Parkinson's disease is the most common form of Parkinsonism.
This disease begins when nerve cell deep inside the brain, in a part called the substantia nigra, become damaged. This loss of nerve cells causes a reduction in dopamine, a chemical in the brain that controls smooth body movement. This causes many of the symptoms within Parkinson's.
Most people with Parkinson's are aged over 50, however when it occurs to a person of a younger age it is called early-onset Parkinson's. Other types of Parkinsonisms include:
- Mutiple system atrophy (MSA)
- Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP)
- Corticobasal syndrome
- Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)
- Drug-induced Parkinsonism
- Vasular Parkinsonism (VP)
While most forms of Parkinsonism are lifelong conditions that are not curable, they are often treatable.


